This OEPASS report examines technologies for recognizing and verifying open credentials, comparing paper certificates with digital alternatives. While paper certificates remain widely used due to security features and institutional acceptance, they suffer from forgery risks, manual verification processes, and inability to revoke. Digital certificates offer automated verification and multilingual support but face challenges with standardization and third-party dependencies. The report explores Open Badges as digital certificates with embedded metadata and blockchain technology for tamper-proof verification. It concludes by listing European initiatives implementing these technologies, from MIT’s blockchain certificates to various national pilot programs across Europe.